| Fixed Double-Glazed Skylight | Two panes of 5–6 mm glass with a 12–16 mm argon-filled cavity; low-emissivity coating recommended. | Use laminated inner glass or safety glass where human impact is possible. | About 1.1–1.8 W/m²·K, depending on coating, spacer and frame. | Moderate; can be improved with a solar-control coating or external shading. | Clear, neutral daylight with good visual quality. | Approximately 25–30 kg/m². | Most residential and commercial roofs where ventilation is not required. |
| Fixed Triple-Glazed Skylight | Three panes with two insulated cavities, typically using low-emissivity coatings and argon filling. | Excellent thermal and acoustic performance; laminated inner pane provides enhanced fall protection. | About 0.6–1.0 W/m²·K when the frame and installation are well insulated. | Very good, but excessive solar gain can still occur in summer without shading. | High clarity, with slightly lower light transmission than double glazing. | Approximately 37–45 kg/m². | Cold climates, energy-efficient buildings and projects requiring improved sound insulation. |
| Laminated Glass Skylight | Two or more glass layers bonded with a clear or colored interlayer, commonly 6.38–13.52 mm total thickness. | Broken pieces generally remain attached to the interlayer; preferred for overhead glazing. | About 5.5–6.0 W/m²·K as single glazing; lower values require insulated units. | Depends on the interlayer and coating; solar-control interlayers can reduce heat gain. | Excellent optical quality; can provide UV filtering and sound reduction. | Approximately 16–34 kg/m², depending on thickness. | Overhead areas, walkable-adjacent roofs, public buildings and locations requiring retention after breakage. |
| Tempered Glass Skylight | Heat-treated monolithic or insulated glass, commonly 6–10 mm per pane. | Higher mechanical and thermal shock resistance; fragments into small pieces when broken. | About 5.5–6.0 W/m²·K as single glazing; approximately 1.1–1.8 W/m²·K in double glazing. | Moderate unless combined with a low-emissivity or solar-control coating. | Clear appearance with high light transmission. | Approximately 15–25 kg/m² for 6–10 mm glass. | Areas needing improved impact resistance where post-breakage retention is not the primary requirement. |
| Low-E Solar-Control Skylight | Insulating glass with a low-emissivity and solar-control coating, normally combined with an argon-filled cavity. | Can be specified with laminated or tempered safety glass according to location and code requirements. | About 1.0–1.7 W/m²·K for a typical double-glazed unit. | Good to excellent; typical solar heat gain coefficient may range from 0.25–0.50. | Balanced daylight and glare reduction; coating color should be checked with samples. | Approximately 25–30 kg/m² for a standard double-glazed unit. | Warm climates, south- or west-facing roofs and spaces vulnerable to overheating. |
| Opening Ventilation Skylight | Double-glazed safety glass installed in a manually or electrically operated roof vent. | Requires laminated or tempered glazing, secure hinges and reliable opening-limit controls. | About 1.3–2.0 W/m²·K when closed, depending on frame and seals. | Moderate to good when closed; natural ventilation can reduce indoor heat buildup. | Provides daylight and controllable airflow; opening mechanism may slightly reduce visible area. | Approximately 25–35 kg/m². | Kitchens, bathrooms, lofts and rooms needing purge ventilation or smoke-exhaust integration. |
| Flat Roof Walk-On Skylight | Multi-layer laminated insulating glass, often with a textured or fritted upper pane and reinforced curb. | Requires structural design for concentrated loads, slip resistance and safe retained breakage. | About 0.8–1.5 W/m²·K, depending on glass build-up and curb insulation. | Good when combined with fritting, tinting or solar-control coatings. | Can create a flush architectural appearance; translucent options improve privacy. | Approximately 45–70 kg/m² or more, subject to load requirements. | Accessible terraces and roofs where occasional maintenance foot traffic is expected. |